Focused Paper · P56

A Topological Origin of Half-Integer Spin and Spin-Statistics from Substrate Embedding Geometry

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21280550 · Open access · CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Zenodo

Half-integer spin is one of the strangest facts in quantum mechanics: a fermion must be rotated through 720 degrees, not 360, to return to its original state. Standard theory postulates this; it does not explain it.

This paper derives the 720 degree restoration property, and the spin-statistics connection that follows, from the topology of how condensed structures embed in a physical substrate. The distinction between fermions and bosons becomes a geometric fact.

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