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Part II
A genuinely rotating structure has one half of its mass moving toward the observer and the other half moving away at any given moment, a direct, measurable contradiction of the simplified picture in which everything, without exception, recedes. The rotating clusters and superclusters confirmed in Paper 9 are not a marginal exception to that picture; at the scales involved, they are a direct counterexample to it holding universally [P9].
Source papers: P9