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Part I-B

15. Galaxies Don't Behave Like Paint on Stretching Rubber

A painted dot on a real balloon grows as the rubber stretches and rotates as the surface carries it around the curve. If galaxies are the dots, they should grow with cosmic time and shift orientation in a traceable, systematic pattern as expansion carries them. Neither is observed: galaxy sizes remain fixed across cosmic time, and no systematic orientation-shift pattern exists at any surveyed distance, consistent with the gravitational-sorting mechanism of Paper 1, the same selection process already observed directly in the solar system's planets settling onto aligned orbits, not a stretching metric [P1].

Source papers: P1

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